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Third China-US Track 1.5 Dialogue held in Beijing as attendees discuss constructive strategic stability, practical cooperation_我的网站
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China on Wednesday slammed a US-led joint statement regarding China's notification of a ballistic missile launch, calling the move as being driven solely by political motives and exposing the hypocrisy and double standards of the US and certain countries.
"The so-called joint statement by the US and relevant countries at the Conference on Disarmament, which brandished the Hague Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation and alluded to China's missile test launch, was driven solely by political motives and fully reveals their hypocrisy and double standards," Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Guo Jiakun said on Wednesday.
China urges relevant countries to stop abusing multilateral arms control mechanisms, replace irrational confrontation with sincere dialogue and create conditions necessary for enhancing dialogue and exchanges in the area of arms control, Guo said.
The comments came after China's Ambassador for Disarmament Affairs Li Chijiang firmly rejected the US-led joint statement at a UN meeting in Geneva on Tuesday local time, stressing that China's legitimate defense modernization should not be called into question, and its goodwill in providing advance notification of missile launch should not be hijacked by geopolitical calculations.
At a plenary meeting of the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva on Tuesday, the US and other 40 countries issued a joint statement on what they called "notifications of ballistic missile launches," criticizing China's submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile test conducted in July.
In response, Li Chijiang called the move political manipulation and blatant double standards and said China firmly opposes the abuse of the Conference on Disarmament for political maneuvering.
Driven by its own political interests, the US had rallied a number of countries, including some that are not members of the conference, to join the statement and had nitpicked and leveled baseless accusations against China's goodwill gesture of providing advance notification of the missile test, he said.
He noted that the US criticism was groundless, saying Washington had cited the voluntary political commitment of the Hague Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCOC) to demand that China provide advance notifications of missile launches. However, China is not a member of the HCOC and is therefore not bound by its provisions.
The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy announced on July 6 that one strategic nuclear submarine of the navy successfully launched a strategic missile carrying a dummy warhead toward relevant high seas of the Pacific Ocean at 12:01 pm, which landed precisely within the designated waters.
China notified relevant countries in advance of the test launch of a nuclear submarine-based strategic missile, demonstrating the openness and transparency of the Chinese armed forces, said Chen Xi, a spokesperson for the Ministry of National Defense, at a press conference in July.
The US led statement at the Geneva disarmament conference seeks to inject geopolitical rivalry into a multilateral arms control platform. Rather than advancing genuine disarmament, Washington is seeking to stigmatize China as a security threat, constrain its legitimate defense related development and strategic deterrence capabilities, rally an anti China bloc and reinforce US led hegemony, Zhang Junshe, a Chinese military affairs expert, told the Global Times.
The US had repeatedly hyped China's July test launch. Previously on July 8, an official from the US Department of State criticized China's missile test launch, claiming that China notified the US too late and didn't give sufficient detail.
In response, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said at a press conference that China has stressed more than once that the test launch complies with international law and customary international practice and is not directed at any specific country or target. The Chinese side has released relevant information in a timely manner and notified the US and other countries beforehand.
Distracting attention
The US-led group doesn't represent the international community. Its accusations over China's missile tests lack both reason and legitimacy, reflecting prejudice, hegemonic thinking and an attempt to constrain China's development, said a Beijing-based scholar of China-US relations.
By rallying the other 40 countries to pressure China, the US has once again exposed its familiar playbook of double standards, bloc-building and confrontation. More broadly, Washington's China policy increasingly reflects strategic anxiety and a lack of confidence - not only in governance, the economy, and technology, but also in the military domain, said the expert.
According to the list of 40 other countries published by the US State Department, the signatories include US allies in Europe and Asia. The statement also called on all countries, particularly nuclear-weapon states that launch intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and space launch vehicles (SLVs), to provide notification at least 24 hours in advance. "Such notifications should include information such as the general class of the ballistic missile or SLV, the planned launch notification window, the launch area and the intended direction of flight."
Zhang Jiadong, professor at the Center for American Studies, Fudan University, said by demanding at least 24 hours' advance notice and detailed launch information, the US wants to gain greater visibility into China's strategic nuclear capabilities by securing earlier and more specific data on missile tests.
By hyping transparency and notification requirements, Washington is seeking to pressure China into revealing more about its military capabilities, reflecting growing anxiety over China's capability, even as questions remain over Washington's own transparency regarding missile tests and nuclear deterrence, said Zhang Jiadong.
Military affairs expert Zhang Junshe also noted that the US has intensified its criticism of China to deflect attention from its own expansion of extended deterrence, nuclear-sharing arrangements and missile-defense programs. These moves heighten the risk of nuclear confrontation, while Washington appears to believe that accusing other countries of lacking transparency can help justify its own military buildup and destabilizing policies.
Moreover, the US possesses one of the world's largest nuclear arsenals and conducts frequent ICBM tests. Against that backdrop, it is absurd for Washington to criticize China, which keeps nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required for national security, said Zhang.
For example, in a single test event last year, the US Navy conducted four scheduled test launches of unarmed Trident II D5LE submarine-launched ballistic missiles from an Ohio-class ballistic missile submarine off Florida between September 17 and 21, 2025. The launches brought the Trident II D5 strategic weapon system to 197 successful flight tests, according to the US Navy.
At the UN meeting in Geneva on Tuesday, China's Ambassador for Disarmament Affairs Li Chijiang also noted that the US was in no position to criticize China over missile testing. China has conducted only three intercontinental ballistic missile tests to date, the fewest among the five nuclear-weapon states, while the US has carried out more such tests, and more frequently, than any other country, he said.
The US has itself failed to properly fulfill responsibilities regarding missile-test notifications and therefore has no grounds to criticize China's voluntary advance notification, Li added.
Li stressed that China remains committed to peaceful development and follows a self-defensive nuclear strategy. China keeps its nuclear forces at the minimum level required for national security and does not participate in any form of nuclear arms race, he said.
China's nuclear forces are an indispensable part of efforts to deter nuclear war, safeguard world peace and security, and maintain global strategic stability. "How can the US, a prolific missile tester and relentless arms expander, fault China for voluntarily giving advance notice? That is hegemonic double standards - and a blatant affront to international fairness and justice," said Zhang Junshe.
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The third China-US Track 1.5 Dialogue was held in Beijing on Tuesday, bringing together government officials, scholars and business representatives from both countries for discussions on constructive strategic stability and practical cooperation.
Co-hosted by the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (IDCPC) and the Asia Society, the dialogue was attended by about 40 representatives. Participants included officials from relevant Chinese government departments and local governments, experts from think tanks and universities, as well as figures from US strategic and business circles, including John L. Thornton, co-chair of the Asia Society Board of Trustees.
Under the theme "Constructive Strategic Stability - Practical China-US Cooperation in the New Era," the participants held candid, in-depth and constructive exchanges, according to the IDCPC's release on its WeChat account on Tuesday.
Addressing the dialogue, Liu Haixing, head of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, said the two sides have recently followed the direction set by the two heads of state, taken practical steps to strengthen communication and dialogue, advanced a positive agenda and achieved notable results.
Liu called on the two countries to continuously enlarge common interests and make cooperation the anchor of positive stability. He urged the two countries to uphold mutual benefit and reject zero-sum games so that competition remains within bounds, to seek common ground while managing differences, and observe the bottom line of no conflict and no confrontation to achieve lasting peace and stability.
Participants discussed ways to enhance political mutual trust, expand economic and trade cooperation, and explore cooperation in artificial intelligence, science and technology, CCTV News reported.
Established in 2023, the China-US Track 1.5 Dialogue operates between formal government-to-government diplomacy, known as Track 1, and purely nongovernmental exchanges, known as Track 2. The second dialogue was held on June 13, 2024, during which participants held candid, in-depth and constructive exchanges around the theme of "sharing perspectives and finding solutions on key and urgent issues."
As a channel involving both government and nongovernmental participants, the Track 1.5 mechanism can help China and the US communicate more effectively, identify common ground and better understand the consensus reached by the two heads of state, Zhou Mi, a senior research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told the Global Times on Tuesday.
It can also help translate the consensus into greater mutual understanding and concrete action, Zhou said.
Discussions on AI at this year's dialogue could help the two sides identify shared interests despite existing frictions and technological challenges, creating opportunities for practical cooperation and laying the groundwork for follow-up efforts, he noted.
Wang Yiwei, a professor at the Renmin University of China's School of International Studies, told the Global Times on Tuesday that the Track 1.5 dialogue serves as a bridge between Track 1 and Track 2, allowing participants to discuss sensitive issues and explore policy space while conveying frontline assessments and feasible proposals to decision-making departments.
Liu outlined practical pathways for China-US cooperation in the new era. First, the two sides should uphold mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation, steer China-US relations to overcome the "Thucydides Trap," and create a new paradigm of major-country relations.
Second, the two countries should jointly shoulder their responsibilities as major powers, make constructive interaction an important driver of international cooperation, address global challenges together and inject greater stability into the world, Liu noted.
Third, they should expand exchanges and cooperation in trade, public health, agriculture, tourism, people-to-people ties, law enforcement and cooperation between localities, thereby strengthening the resilience of bilateral relations and working toward a better future, Liu said.
Overcoming the "Thucydides Trap" fundamentally rejects the notion that conflict between major powers is inevitable, Wang Yiwei said. It reflects an effort by China and the US to pursue a path different from the historical confrontation between an established power and a rising one.
Such a model does not seek to avoid competition altogether, but to ensure that competition has boundaries, differences remain manageable and cooperation retains sufficient space, Wang Yiwei said.
To put this approach into practice, the two countries should respect each other, avoid crossing red lines concerning core interests and reduce the risk of strategic miscalculation. They should expand areas where their interests converge and establish regular cooperation mechanisms on global issues such as climate change, public health, food security and AI safety, turning shared responsibilities into joint action, he noted.
As the world's two largest economies, China and the US should recognize that many global challenges cannot be effectively addressed without coordination between them, particularly at a time of intensifying competition. Constructive engagement is therefore not a temporary expedient but a long-term responsibility that major countries should undertake for the world, Wang Yiwei said.
The dialogue came a day after China's top political advisor Wang Huning met with US delegates attending the event in Beijing on Monday.
During their meetings, the US side said that the US-China relationship is at a special juncture, adding that the sound rapport between the two heads of state constitutes the most valuable and important part of bilateral ties. The US side agrees that both sides should act on the consensus of building a constructive US-China relationship of strategic stability, advance corporate cooperation, expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges, guard against risks such as those posed by artificial intelligence, and deliver benefits to both countries and the rest of the world, according to Xinhua.
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